Choosing the right ammunition is crucial for a successful turkey hunt. While 12-gauge shotguns reign supreme, the 20 gauge is gaining popularity for its lighter recoil and maneuverability, making it an excellent choice for many hunters, especially those new to the sport or those who prefer a less punishing shooting experience. This guide delves into the specifics of 20 gauge turkey loads, focusing on the popular 2, 3, and 4 shot sizes.
Understanding Shot Size and its Impact on Turkey Hunting
Shot size significantly impacts your effectiveness in the field. Larger shot sizes (smaller numbers) deliver more devastating power at longer ranges, while smaller shot sizes (larger numbers) offer a denser pattern at closer ranges. For turkey hunting, choosing the right shot size is paramount to ensuring a clean and ethical harvest.
20 Gauge #2 Shot: The Heavyweight Contender
#2 shot is a formidable option in a 20 gauge. Its larger pellets deliver impressive stopping power, making it effective at longer ranges. However, the fewer pellets in the shell mean a slightly less dense pattern compared to smaller shot sizes. This makes precise shot placement critical for success. #2 shot is best suited for hunters who are confident in their shooting abilities and are hunting in areas with longer ranges to their target.
20 Gauge #3 Shot: The Versatile All-Arounder
#3 shot strikes a near-perfect balance between range and pattern density. It offers a good compromise between the power of #2 and the density of #4. This makes it incredibly versatile, suitable for a wide range of hunting situations and distances. Many hunters find #3 shot to be the ideal all-around choice for 20 gauge turkey hunting, offering a reliable balance of lethality and pattern density. It's a great option for hunters who prioritize both effectiveness and forgiveness.
20 Gauge #4 Shot: The Close-Range Specialist
#4 shot is best used at closer ranges. While it lacks the stopping power of #2 and #3 at distance, its denser pattern increases the probability of hitting vital organs, even with slightly less precise shot placement. This makes it a great choice for hunters who frequently encounter birds at shorter ranges, such as those hunting in thicker woods or fields. The tighter pattern compensates for the smaller pellet size, ensuring effectiveness at closer distances.
Factors to Consider When Choosing Your 20 Gauge Turkey Load
Beyond shot size, several factors influence your choice of 20 gauge turkey load:
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Choke Tube: The choke tube significantly impacts the shot pattern. A tighter choke (e.g., extra full, or turkey choke) is generally recommended for turkey hunting to concentrate the pellets into a tighter group. Experimentation with different chokes is crucial to find what works best with your gun and chosen shot size.
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Range: Consider the typical distances you'll be shooting at. #2 is best for longer ranges, while #4 is better suited for closer shots. #3 sits comfortably in the middle.
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Hunting Conditions: Thick cover requires a denser pattern (smaller shot sizes), while open areas might benefit from larger shot sizes for increased range and penetration.
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Personal Preference: Ultimately, the best load is the one you shoot consistently and accurately. Spend time at the range practicing with different loads to find what you are most comfortable with.
Conclusion: Choosing the Right 20 Gauge Load for You
Selecting the correct 20 gauge turkey load is a personal decision based on your hunting style, shooting ability, and hunting conditions. #2, #3, and #4 shot each offer unique advantages, and understanding these differences is vital for a successful and ethical hunt. Remember to practice thoroughly with your chosen load and choke to ensure you're well-prepared before heading into the field. Always prioritize safety and ethical hunting practices.
