The AR-15 platform, while generally reliable, can sometimes experience malfunctions. One common issue is a failure to feed the second round from the magazine into the chamber. This frustrating problem can stem from several sources, ranging from simple user error to more complex mechanical issues. This guide will delve into the common causes of this malfunction and provide practical solutions to get your AR-15 back up and running smoothly.
Identifying the Problem: Beyond a Simple "Failure to Feed"
Before diving into solutions, it's crucial to accurately diagnose the problem. A "failure to feed" can manifest in several ways:
- The bolt carrier group (BCG) cycles, but the second round doesn't chamber: This points towards a magazine, feeding ramp, or possibly BCG issue.
- The BCG stops completely after firing the first round: This could indicate a more serious problem with the BCG, ammunition, or gas system.
- The round partially feeds, but jams: This suggests a problem with the magazine, feeding lips, or the interaction between the magazine and the lower receiver.
Careful observation of the malfunction is critical for effective troubleshooting.
Common Causes of AR-15 Failure to Feed Second Round
Several factors can contribute to this issue. Let's examine the most frequent culprits:
1. Magazine Issues:
- Magazine Wear and Tear: Worn-out magazines, especially those with damaged feed lips or followers, are a frequent source of feeding problems. Bent or damaged feed lips can prevent proper round alignment, leading to failures.
- Improper Magazine Insertion: Failure to fully seat the magazine can cause feeding problems. Ensure the magazine is firmly locked into the lower receiver.
- Incorrect Magazine Type: Using a magazine designed for a different caliber or with incompatible features can lead to feeding issues. Always use magazines specifically designed for your AR-15.
- Follower Problems: A damaged or improperly functioning follower can obstruct the smooth feeding of rounds.
2. Ammunition Problems:
- Ammunition Type: Certain ammunition types, particularly those with overly lubricated or unusually shaped rounds, may cause feeding problems. Experimenting with different brands or types might help pinpoint this issue.
- Dirty or Damaged Ammunition: Dirt, debris, or damaged cases can hinder proper feeding. Always inspect your ammunition before use.
3. AR-15 Component Issues:
- Feeding Ramps: Damaged or improperly polished feeding ramps can interfere with the smooth transition of rounds from the magazine into the chamber.
- Bolt Carrier Group (BCG) Issues: A malfunctioning BCG, particularly a BCG with excessive wear or improper lubrication, can fail to reliably strip rounds from the magazine.
- Gas System Issues: While less likely to cause a second-round feeding problem directly, improper gas system function can disrupt the cycling process, indirectly contributing to feeding issues.
- Dust and Debris: Dirt and debris accumulating within the receiver can impede proper function, including feeding. Regular cleaning is crucial.
Troubleshooting and Solutions
Addressing a failure to feed second round requires systematic troubleshooting. Here's a step-by-step approach:
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Inspect the Magazine: Start by thoroughly examining the magazine for any signs of wear, damage, or debris. Replace worn or damaged magazines. Try different, known-good magazines to rule out the magazine as the cause.
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Check the Ammunition: Inspect the ammunition for any defects, damage, or excessive lubrication. Try a different type or brand of ammunition.
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Clean the Weapon: Thoroughly clean and lubricate your AR-15, paying particular attention to the feeding ramps, bolt carrier group, and the magazine well.
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Check for Obstructions: Inspect the receiver and magazine well for any obstructions that may be interfering with the feeding process.
When to Seek Professional Help
If the problem persists after following these steps, it's advisable to seek the assistance of a qualified gunsmith. More complex issues might require professional diagnosis and repair. This could involve issues such as:
- Damaged or improperly installed components: A gunsmith can identify and repair damaged parts or address incorrect installation.
- Improper headspacing: An improperly headspaced barrel can lead to numerous malfunctions, including feeding issues. This requires specialized tools and expertise.
By systematically troubleshooting and employing these solutions, you can effectively diagnose and address the failure to feed second round in your AR-15, ensuring its reliable operation. Remember, safety should always be your top priority when working with firearms.
