Is a 270 Bigger Than a 308? Understanding Caliber Differences
The simple answer is no, a 270 is not bigger than a 308. This question relates to cartridge sizes, specifically rifle cartridges. Understanding the numbers helps clarify the size relationship.
While the numbers might seem to suggest otherwise, the ".270" and ".308" refer to the diameter of the bullet, measured in inches. Therefore:
- .270: This refers to a bullet diameter of 0.270 inches (approximately 6.86 mm).
- .308: This refers to a bullet diameter of 0.308 inches (approximately 7.82 mm).
Since 0.308 is larger than 0.270, a .308 Winchester cartridge is bigger than a .270 Winchester cartridge. This difference in bullet diameter significantly impacts the cartridge's ballistics, including trajectory, energy, and recoil.
Beyond the Diameter: Considering Case Capacity
The difference isn't just about the bullet. The entire cartridge – including the case holding the powder – also contributes to the overall size. While the .308 Winchester generally has a larger bullet, the case capacity (the amount of gunpowder it can hold) also plays a role in determining the cartridge's power and effectiveness. Both the .270 Winchester and the .308 Winchester have variations in case length and powder charge, leading to subtle differences within each caliber. However, in general, the .308 Winchester is considered more powerful.
Practical Implications for Hunters and Shooters
This size difference has practical implications for hunters and shooters:
- Hunting: The .308 Winchester's larger bullet diameter and higher energy generally make it suitable for larger game animals compared to the .270 Winchester.
- Shooting: Recoil is greater with the .308 Winchester. Shooters should consider this difference when choosing a cartridge, particularly for beginners.
- Accuracy: Accuracy depends on various factors including rifle quality, ammunition, and shooter skill. Neither caliber is inherently more or less accurate than the other.
In summary, the seemingly counterintuitive numbers are explained by understanding that they represent the bullet diameter. The .308 Winchester is bigger than the .270 Winchester in terms of both bullet diameter and usually, overall cartridge size and power.
