What Size Shot for Dove Hunting? Choosing the Right Gauge and Size for a Successful Hunt
Choosing the right shot size for dove hunting is crucial for a successful and ethical hunt. Selecting the wrong size can lead to crippling birds, wasted shots, and ultimately, a less enjoyable experience. This guide breaks down the optimal shot sizes for dove hunting, considering factors like distance, bird size, and hunting style.
Understanding Shot Sizes and Their Impact
Shotgun shot sizes are numbered inversely; smaller numbers indicate larger shot. For dove hunting, you'll primarily consider sizes #7 1/2, #8, and #9. Let's examine each:
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#7 1/2: This size offers a good balance of pattern density and penetration. It's effective at moderate ranges (up to 35-40 yards), providing sufficient energy for a clean kill. However, it's slightly larger, and excessive energy could lead to more damaged birds if not precisely aimed.
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#8: This is the most popular choice for dove hunting due to its excellent pattern density. It provides a good compromise between penetration and pellet count, making it effective at ranges up to 30-35 yards. The smaller size minimizes the risk of excessive damage, ensuring a quicker, cleaner kill.
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#9: This is the smallest size commonly used for doves. It offers the highest pellet count, resulting in a dense pattern, but at the cost of slightly reduced penetration. This is best suited for closer ranges (under 30 yards) where the dense pattern compensates for the lower energy of each pellet.
Factors Influencing Shot Size Selection
Beyond the inherent characteristics of each shot size, several other factors should inform your choice:
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Shooting Distance: Closer shots often allow for the use of smaller shot sizes (#8 or #9) due to the dense pattern. Longer shots benefit from slightly larger shot (like #7 1/2) for better penetration.
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Choke: The choke of your shotgun significantly affects shot pattern. A modified or improved cylinder choke is generally preferred for dove hunting, spreading the shot for a wider pattern. A full choke is typically too tight for doves and will lead to fewer effective hits.
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Hunting Style: If you primarily hunt doves in fields or open areas where birds are often at longer ranges, #7 1/2 might be more suitable. For closer-range hunting in wooded areas or around feeders, #8 or #9 could be preferred.
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Personal Preference & Skill: Ultimately, the best shot size is the one you are most comfortable and proficient with. Practice with different sizes at various ranges to determine which delivers the best results for your shooting style.
Gauges: 12, 20, or 28?
While shot size is important, the gauge of your shotgun also plays a role. 12-gauge shotguns are the most common for dove hunting due to their versatility and power. 20-gauge shotguns offer lighter recoil, making them a popular option for younger or smaller hunters. 28-gauge shotguns are also suitable, but their smaller shot capacity might require more precise shooting.
Ethical Considerations
Remember that ethical hunting practices are paramount. Always aim for a clean, quick kill to minimize suffering. Choose shot size and gauge appropriate for your shooting skills and hunting conditions. If you frequently miss or cripple birds, re-evaluate your shot size, choke, and shooting technique.
Conclusion
Selecting the right shot size for dove hunting involves careful consideration of several factors. While #8 is often the most popular choice due to its balance of penetration and pattern density, #7 1/2 and #9 can be appropriate depending on the circumstances. Prioritize safe and ethical hunting practices, and remember that practice is key to maximizing your success.
